An Investigation of Nurse-Led Interventions in Reducing Obesity-Related Heart Diseases in University of Benin Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including heart disease, hypertension, and stroke (Olaoye et al., 2024). In Nigeria, the prevalence of obesity is on the rise, particularly in urban areas like Benin City, where sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy eating habits are increasingly common (Eze et al., 2023). Obesity-related heart diseases are becoming a growing concern in hospitals, and nurses, as frontline healthcare providers, play an essential role in managing obesity through patient education, lifestyle counseling, and interventions aimed at weight reduction (Afolabi et al., 2024).
In University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), a major healthcare provider in the region, nurses are involved in educating patients about obesity management, including promoting physical activity, healthy eating, and weight loss strategies. Nurse-led interventions, such as individual counseling, group health education sessions, and monitoring of body weight, are becoming essential components in the fight against obesity-related heart diseases (Durojaiye et al., 2023). Despite the importance of these interventions, there is limited research into their effectiveness in reducing obesity-related heart diseases in UBTH. This study aims to investigate the role and effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in addressing obesity-related heart diseases and reducing the associated risks in UBTH.
Statement of the Problem
Obesity is a major risk factor for heart diseases, and its prevalence in Nigeria is concerning. Nurses play a critical role in obesity management and prevention of heart diseases; however, there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in reducing obesity-related heart diseases in Nigeria. University of Benin Teaching Hospital, being a key medical institution, offers an opportunity to assess the impact of nurse-led interventions in addressing this pressing health challenge. Without comprehensive data on the outcomes of these interventions, it is difficult to determine the best practices for nurses to adopt in their efforts to prevent obesity-related heart diseases.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in reducing obesity-related heart diseases in University of Benin Teaching Hospital.
2. To evaluate the impact of nurse-led counseling and lifestyle modifications on the management of obesity in patients at UBTH.
3. To identify the challenges faced by nurses in implementing obesity-related heart disease prevention interventions.
Research Questions
1. How effective are nurse-led interventions in reducing obesity-related heart diseases in University of Benin Teaching Hospital?
2. What is the impact of nurse-led counseling and lifestyle modifications on the management of obesity in patients?
3. What challenges do nurses face in implementing obesity-related heart disease prevention interventions?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurse-led interventions do not significantly reduce obesity-related heart diseases in University of Benin Teaching Hospital.
2. There is no significant impact of nurse-led counseling and lifestyle modifications on the management of obesity in patients.
3. Challenges faced by nurses do not significantly hinder the effectiveness of obesity-related heart disease prevention interventions.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working in University of Benin Teaching Hospital and their role in managing obesity and preventing obesity-related heart diseases. The study will assess the effectiveness of interventions and the challenges nurses face in implementing them. Limitations include the potential for incomplete data due to patients' non-compliance with lifestyle changes, as well as the reliance on self-reported outcomes, which may introduce bias.
Definitions of Terms
• Nurse-Led Interventions: Healthcare interventions designed and implemented by nurses, including patient education, counseling, and lifestyle modification strategies.
• Obesity-Related Heart Diseases: Cardiovascular conditions that are directly linked to obesity, such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, and stroke.
• Counseling: The process of providing guidance and support to patients to promote behavioral changes that improve their health.
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